BIO3302 Circulatory Notes
Circulatory physiology
Suggested reading
Chapter
8
Topics to be covered
Roles
of circulatory system
Design of circulatory systems
Elements of circulatory systems
Pumps
Blood vessels
Control
of blood pressure and flow
Adjustments for exercise
BIO 3302 – SLIDE #1
Roles of the circulatory system
Time to 95% equilibration of O2 by diffusion
What animals need a circulatory system, and why?
Once a circulatory system is in place, what else can it be used for?
0.1 mm ! 0.067 s
1 mm ! 6.7 s
1 cm ! 10.9 min
1 m ! 78 days
BIO 3302 – SLIDE #2
Diffusion vs. convection
Size (time α d2) and metabolic rate are limiting factors
Diffusion is always the final step in O2 transport
Convection is essential for
Complex organ systems
To support high metabolic rates
To achieve large body mass
Circulatory system functions in
Rapid mass transportation of:
respiratory gases (except insects) nutrients waste products hormones
antibodies salts/acid-base equivalents heat Production of force:
Hydrostatic skeletons
Wing expansion in insects
Renal filtration and excretion in vertebrates (regulation of
ECF volume)
BIO 3302 – SLIDE #3
Fig. 33.34 Campbell & Reece 2002
Design of circulatory systems
Three
essential components:
(1) Pump (usually a heart):
Positive vs. negative forces peristaltic pump chamber pump with contractile walls chamber pump driven by external forces
(2) Vascular system
arterial system capillaries venous system
Peripheral circulation (3) Circulating fluid
BIO 3302 – SLIDE #4
Fig. 8.2
Two broad trends (with increases in metabolic rate):
Open → closed systems
Undivided → divided systems
Open system = incomplete system of vessels
Suggested reading
Chapter
8
Topics to be covered
Roles
of circulatory system
Design of circulatory systems
Elements of circulatory systems
Pumps
Blood vessels
Control
of blood pressure and flow
Adjustments for exercise
BIO 3302 – SLIDE #1
Roles of the circulatory system
Time to 95% equilibration of O2 by diffusion
What animals need a circulatory system, and why?
Once a circulatory system is in place, what else can it be used for?
0.1 mm ! 0.067 s
1 mm ! 6.7 s
1 cm ! 10.9 min
1 m ! 78 days
BIO 3302 – SLIDE #2
Diffusion vs. convection
Size (time α d2) and metabolic rate are limiting factors
Diffusion is always the final step in O2 transport
Convection is essential for
Complex organ systems
To support high metabolic rates
To achieve large body mass
Circulatory system functions in
Rapid mass transportation of:
respiratory gases (except insects) nutrients waste products hormones
antibodies salts/acid-base equivalents heat Production of force:
Hydrostatic skeletons
Wing expansion in insects
Renal filtration and excretion in vertebrates (regulation of
ECF volume)
BIO 3302 – SLIDE #3
Fig. 33.34 Campbell & Reece 2002
Design of circulatory systems
Three
essential components:
(1) Pump (usually a heart):
Positive vs. negative forces peristaltic pump chamber pump with contractile walls chamber pump driven by external forces
(2) Vascular system
arterial system capillaries venous system
Peripheral circulation (3) Circulating fluid
BIO 3302 – SLIDE #4
Fig. 8.2
Two broad trends (with increases in metabolic rate):
Open → closed systems
Undivided → divided systems
Open system = incomplete system of vessels