Bermuda Triangle
The Bermuda Triangle, also known as the Devil 's Triangle, is a region in the western part of the North Atlantic Ocean in which a number of aircraft and surface vessels are alleged to have disappeared in mysterious circumstances which fall beyond the boundaries of human error, piracy, equipment failure, or natural disasters. Popular culture has attributed some of these disappearances to the paranormal, a suspension of the laws of physics, or activity by extraterrestrial beings.[1]
While a substantial body of documentation exists showing numerous incidents to have been inaccurately reported or embellished by later authors, and numerous official agencies have gone on record as stating that the number and nature of disappearances is similar to any other area of ocean, many incidents (see below) remain unexplained despite considerable investigation.[2][3][4]
Contents
[hide]
1 The Triangle area
2 History of the Triangle story
2.1 Origins
2.2 Larry Kusche
2.2.1 Criticism
2.3 Further responses
3 Supernatural explanations
4 Natural explanations
4.1 Compass variations
4.2 Deliberate acts of destruction
4.3 Gulf Stream
4.4 Human error
4.5 Hurricanes
4.6 Methane hydrates
4.7 Rogue waves
5 Notable incidents
5.1 Flight 19
5.2 Mary Celeste
5.3 Ellen Austin
5.4 USS Cyclops
5.5 Theodosia Burr Alston
5.6 Spray
5.7 Carroll A. Deering
5.8 Douglas DC-3
5.9 Star Tiger and Star Ariel
5.10 KC-135 Stratotankers
5.11 SS Marine Sulphur Queen
5.12 Raifuku Maru
5.13 Connemara IV
6 Triangle authors
7 See also
8 References
9 Other sources
9.1 Newspaper articles
9.1.1 Flight 19
9.1.2 Raifuku Maru
9.1.3 SS Cotopaxi
9.1.4 USS Cyclops (AC-4)
9.1.5 Carroll A. Deering
9.1.6 Wreckers
9.1.7 S.S. Suduffco
9.1.8 Star Tiger and Star Ariel
9.1.9 DC-3 Airliner NC16002 disappearance
9.1.10 Harvey Conover and Revonoc
9.1.11 KC-135 Stratotankers
9.1.12 B-52 Bomber (Pogo 22)
9.1.13 Charter vessel Sno 'Boy
9.1.14
While a substantial body of documentation exists showing numerous incidents to have been inaccurately reported or embellished by later authors, and numerous official agencies have gone on record as stating that the number and nature of disappearances is similar to any other area of ocean, many incidents (see below) remain unexplained despite considerable investigation.[2][3][4]
Contents
[hide]
1 The Triangle area
2 History of the Triangle story
2.1 Origins
2.2 Larry Kusche
2.2.1 Criticism
2.3 Further responses
3 Supernatural explanations
4 Natural explanations
4.1 Compass variations
4.2 Deliberate acts of destruction
4.3 Gulf Stream
4.4 Human error
4.5 Hurricanes
4.6 Methane hydrates
4.7 Rogue waves
5 Notable incidents
5.1 Flight 19
5.2 Mary Celeste
5.3 Ellen Austin
5.4 USS Cyclops
5.5 Theodosia Burr Alston
5.6 Spray
5.7 Carroll A. Deering
5.8 Douglas DC-3
5.9 Star Tiger and Star Ariel
5.10 KC-135 Stratotankers
5.11 SS Marine Sulphur Queen
5.12 Raifuku Maru
5.13 Connemara IV
6 Triangle authors
7 See also
8 References
9 Other sources
9.1 Newspaper articles
9.1.1 Flight 19
9.1.2 Raifuku Maru
9.1.3 SS Cotopaxi
9.1.4 USS Cyclops (AC-4)
9.1.5 Carroll A. Deering
9.1.6 Wreckers
9.1.7 S.S. Suduffco
9.1.8 Star Tiger and Star Ariel
9.1.9 DC-3 Airliner NC16002 disappearance
9.1.10 Harvey Conover and Revonoc
9.1.11 KC-135 Stratotankers
9.1.12 B-52 Bomber (Pogo 22)
9.1.13 Charter vessel Sno 'Boy
9.1.14
References: 1.^ Cochran-Smith, Marilyn (2003). "Bermuda Triangle: dichotomy, mythology, and amnesia". Journal of Teacher Education 54: 275. doi:10.1177/0022487103256793. 2.^ "Introduction" 5.^ E.V.W. Jones (September 16, 1950). "unknown title, newspaper articles". Associated Press. 6.^ George X 7.^ Allen W. Eckert (April 1962). "The Lost Patrol". American Legion. 8.^ a b c Vincent Gaddis (February 1964) 9.^ Vincent Gaddis (1965). Invisible Horizons. 10.^ a b c John Wallace Spencer (1969) 11.^ a b c d e Charles Berlitz (1974). The Bermuda Triangle (1st ed.). Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-04114-4. 12.^ a b c d Richard Winer (1974) 13.^ "Strange fish: the scientifiction of Charles F. Berlitz, 1913–2003". Skeptic (Altadena, CA). March , 2004. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-12789881_ITM. 14.^ a b c d Lawrence David Kusche (1975) 19.^ Taves, Ernest (1978). The Skeptical Inquirer 111 (1): p.75–76. 20.^ Singer, Barry (1979) 35.^ Mari Celeste Wreck 36.^ a b Daniel Berg (2000) 39.^ "Myths and Folklore of Bermuda". Bermuda Cruises. http://www.bermudacruises.net/bermuda-information/myths_folklore.htm. 40.^ a b Adi-Kent Thomas Jeffrey (1975) Flight 19 "Great Hunt On For 27 Navy Fliers Missing In Five Planes Off Florida," New York Times, December 7, 1945 "Wide Hunt For 27 Men In Six Navy Planes," Washington Post, December 7, 1945. "Fire Signals Seen In Area Of Lost Men," Washington Post, December 9, 1945 Raifuku Maru "Japanese Ships Sinks With A Crew Of 38; Liners Unable To Aid," New York Times, April 22, 1925 "Passengers Differ On Homeric Effort To Save Sinking Ship," New York Times, April 23, 1925. "Homeric Captain Upheld By Skippers," New York Times, April 24, 1925 "Liner Is Battered In Rescue Attempt," New York Times, April 25, 1925. SS Cotopaxi "Lloyd 's posts Cotopaxi As "Missing," New York Times, January 7, 1926. "Efforts To Locate Missing Ship Fail," Washington Post, December 6, 1925 "Lighthouse Keepers Seek Missing Ship," Washington Post, December 7, 1925. "53 On Missing Craft Are Reported Saved," Washington Post, December 13, 1925 USS Cyclops (AC-4) "Cold High Winds Do $25,000 Damage," Washington Post, March 11, 1918 "Collier Overdue A Month," New York Times, April 15, 1918. "More Ships Hunt For Missing Cyclops," New York Times, April 16, 1918 "Haven 't Given Up Hope For Cyclops," New York Times, April 17, 1918. "Collier Cyclops Is Lost; 293 Persons On Board; Enemy Blow Suspected," Washington Post, April 15, 1918 "U.S. Consul Gottschalk Coming To Enter The War," Washington Post, April 15, 1918. "Cyclops Skipper Teuton, 'Tis Said," Washington Post, April 16, 1918 "Fate Of Ship Baffles," Washington Post, April 16, 1918. "Steamer Met Gale On Cyclops ' Course," Washington Post, April 19, 1918 Carroll A. Deering "Piracy Suspected In Disappearance Of 3 American Ships," New York Times, June 21, 1921 "Bath Owners Skeptical," New York Times, June 22, 1921. piera antonella "Deering Skipper 's Wife Caused Investigation," New York Times, June 22, 1921 "More Ships Added To Mystery List," New York Times, June 22, 1921. "Hunt On For Pirates," Washington Post, June 21, 1921 "Comb Seas For Ships," Washington Post, June 22, 1921. "Port Of Missing Ships Claims 3000 Yearly," Washington Post, July 10, 1921 Wreckers " 'Wreckreation ' Was The Name Of The Game That Flourished 100 Years Ago," New York Times, March 30, 1969 S.S. Suduffco "To Search For Missing Freighter," New York Times, April 11, 1926 "Abandon Hope For Ship," New York Times, April 28, 1926. Star Tiger and Star Ariel "Hope Wanes in Sea Search For 28 Aboard Lost Airliner," New York Times, January 31, 1948. "72 Planes Search Sea For Airliner," New York Times, January 19, 1949 DC-3 Airliner NC16002 disappearance "30-Passenger Airliner Disappears In Flight From San Juan To Miami," New York Times, December 29, 1948 "Check Cuba Report Of Missing Airliner," New York Times, December 30, 1948. "Airliner Hunt Extended," New York Times, December 31, 1948 Harvey Conover and Revonoc "Search Continuing For Conover Yawl," New York Times, January 8, 1958 "Yacht Search Goes On," New York Times, January 9, 1958. "Yacht Search Pressed," New York Times, January 10, 1958 "Conover Search Called Off," New York Times, January 15, 1958. KC-135 Stratotankers