Preview

Asr - Automatic Speech Recognition

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
571 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Asr - Automatic Speech Recognition
ASR - Automatic Speech Recognition

Automatic speech recognition transformations of acoustic micro structure of speech signal into its implicit phonetic macro-structure. In other words, a speech recognition system is a speech-to-text conversion wherein the output of the system displays text corresponding to the recognized speech.

Typology of ASR systems

Several ASR systems can be developed, depending on:

• Speaker-dependent vs. independent

• Language constraints:

o Isolated word recognition

o Connected word recognition

o Continuous speech recognition

o Keyword spotting

Approaches to ASR

Pattern recognition approach

Pattern training and pattern comparison are the two essential steps in this approach. First feature measurement is done through Filter Bnk, LPC, DFT. Then pattern training is done by creation of a reference pattern derived from an averaging technique. Next step is comparing speech patterns with a local distance measure and a global time alignment procedure (DTW). Similarity scores are used to decide which the best reference pattern is.

Acoustic-Phonetic approach

This is also known as rule-based approach. Here we use knowledge of phonetics and linguistics to guide search process. Usually some rules are defined expressing everything (anything) that might help to decode. At each decision point, lay out the possibilities and apply rules to determine which sequences are permitted.

Template bases Approach

In this approach, a collection of prototypical speech patterns are stored as reference patterns which represents the dictionary of candidate words. An unknown spoken utterance is matched with each of these reference templates and a category of the best matching pattern is selected. DTW is used to find best possible alignment.

Stochastic Approach

This approach is based on the use of probabilistic models so that uncertain or incomplete information, such as confusable sounds,

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Automatic speech recognition is the most successful and accurate of these applications. It is currently making a use of a technique called "shadowing" or sometimes called "voicewriting." Rather than have the speaker's speech directly transcribed by the system, a hearing person…

    • 416 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    JNT2 Task 1 1

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Data Analysis Techniques Used: District-trained evaluators came to the school and individually called students into a room to assess their phonemic understanding in 3 areas: letter sound fluency, beginning/first sound fluency, and phonemic segmentation. For letter sound fluency, students were shown a letter and had to correctly identify its sound. Then, each student was given 1 minute while assessors dictated words and students repeated sounds. (For example, the assessor might say “cat”, and the student must then return with a segmented sound of…

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Curriculum Guides

    • 3978 Words
    • 16 Pages

    3. Model the activity – say each phoneme/sound in the word and slide the object into the corresponding box as the sound is said. Go back to the left and repeat the sounds sliding their finger in the reading direction under the sounds then blend the sounds “say it fast,” to read the word. /fff/ /iiii/ /shsh/ say it fast – fish.…

    • 3978 Words
    • 16 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 9 Lab Report

    • 3131 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Voice morphing means the transition of one speech signal into another. Like image morphing, speech morphing aims to preserve the shared characteristics of the starting and final signals, while generating a smooth transition between them. Speech morphing is analogous to image morphing. In image morphing the in-between images all show one face smoothly changing its shape and texture until it turns into the target face. It is this feature that a speech morph should possess. One speech signal should smoothly change into another, keeping the shared characteristics of the starting and ending signals but smoothly changing the other properties.…

    • 3131 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Communication is key part of living. Without communication, humans would not be able to function in the organized fashion as we do today. We communicate through writing, speaking and body language. Communication is how we express what we need, what we want and how we feel. It is the way information is passed from one person to the other and how people are able to react to that information. What is spoken and received between individuals is how verbal communication works. What we say and how we hear what is said to us is the balance between communications of individuals. It is a process that goes from linguistic, physiological to acoustic and back again. Language is a huge portion of communication and without it humans would not be able to understand one another. We break down our language into words and those words are broken down into sounds. For this paper’s purposes, we will break down the word “pancake” in the process of how it is spoken and how it is received. According to the International Phonetic Alphabet, the word “pancake” is transcribed as /pænkek/. The way the speaker speaks this word will be described first then the listener will be described.…

    • 2166 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Text to Speech Engine

    • 432 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The study process is initialized by going through different web sites and blogs in order to know about the Text-To-Speech methodology. We have tried to understand the purpose of voice synthesis. Whatever we have discovered from the Internet is described below.…

    • 432 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Phonologica Awareness

    • 1643 Words
    • 7 Pages

    References: Chard, J.D., Dickson, V.S. (1999). Phonological awareness: instructional and assessment guidelines. 34(5), Retrieved from http://www.ldonline.org/article/6254…

    • 1643 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Teaching decoding provides students with the keys to unlock new words. Teaching the regular phonetic patterns of English can do this. These rules can be applied to words with which the student is already familiar. New words are then introduced beginning with simple words and working through more complex words. Finally, irregular phonemic patterns can be introduced and eventually mastered.…

    • 1611 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Objective 1.01: Use phonics knowledge and structural analysis (e.g., knowledge of syllables, suffixes, prefixes, root words) to decode regular multi-syllable words when reading text.…

    • 644 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Text to Speech

    • 781 Words
    • 4 Pages

    At present most speech synthesis systems use raw text as their input which is understandable from a human point of view but problematic for the machines since the process of converting text to speech is very complex; in this paper we discuss the need for having a specific SSML tag for each “mention” (1st occurrence, 2nd occurrence) of a proper noun in the text or paragraph. We discuss that when a proper noun appears first time in the text, then it is spoken more prominently than its second or third or subsequent occurrence. We highlight the need for incorporating a specific tag in SSML to take care of this mention-case. The SSML format is a compromise between human and machine needs. SSML is often embedded in Voice-XML scripts to drive interactive telephony systems. However, it also may be used alone, such as for creating audio books. The advantage that SSML brings is that the designers of such language generation systems need only understand the basic SSML language and do not need specialist speech synthesis knowledge. Introduction Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) is an XML-based markup language for speech synthesis applications. SSML directs all Text Analysis steps, providing a standard way to control aspects of speech such as pronunciation, acronym expansion, volume, pitch, rate, range, duration, pause, emphasis, etc., across different synthesis-capable platforms. The intended use of SSML is to improve the quality of synthesized content. Different markup elements impact different stages of the synthesis process. The markup may be produced either automatically, for instance via XSLT or CSS3 from an XHTML document, or by human authoring. Markup may be present within a complete SSML document or as part of a fragment embedded in another language, although no interactions with other languages are specified as…

    • 781 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Automatic Sentence Generator

    • 3412 Words
    • 14 Pages

    1.- Introduction. The growing, unstoppable development of very high speed information processing computers with tremendous main memory capacity which we see today leads us to think that it will be possible to design and construct automatic speech recognition systems which can detect and code all the grammatical components of a training corpus. As part of our effort to make a contribution to the fascinating world of Automatic Speech Recognition, we have developed a system composed of a set of computer programs. We have observed that on the basis of a model of a small corpus made up of sentences in a particular context, we can automatically generate a great quantity of grammatically correct sentences with this context. Also, our system can effect a linguistic discrimination to the point of rejecting, as…

    • 3412 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The following table shows some of the most commonly used commands in Speech Recognition. Words in italic font indicate that you can say many different things in place of the example word or phrase and get useful results.…

    • 1668 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Unit3 Mod2

    • 2135 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Use the audio materials or practice listening to native speakers with various accents and normal speech speed.…

    • 2135 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Our objective is to design a close-set system that would recognize five designated speakers by using some of the DSP techniques we learned in MATLAB. To do this, we have a pre-recorded template that stores each speaker’s distinctive features. We will use this template to do a mix and match with the speakers in our system.…

    • 349 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Vodar

    • 938 Words
    • 4 Pages

    • • [xin, fs, nbits] = wavread(filename); [xin, fs] = loadwav(filename); – filename is ascii text for a .wav‐encoded file which contains a speech signal encoded using a 16‐bit integer format – xin is the MATLAB array in which the speech samples are stored (in double precision format) – fs is the sampling rate of the input speech signal – nbits is the number of bits in which each speech sample is encoded (16 in most cases) – program wavread scales the speech array, xin, to range −1≤xin≤1, whereas loadwav preserves sample values of the speech file and hence array xin is scaled to range −32767≤xin≤32767 [xin1, fs, nbits] = wavread(‘s5.wav’); [xin2, fs] = loadwav(‘s5.wav’);…

    • 938 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics