2. Axis Powers—in World War II, the nations of Germany, Italy, and Japan, which had formed an alliance in 1936
3. Third Reich—the Third German Empire, established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930s
4. Nonaggression Pact—an agreement in which nations promise not to attack one another
5. Blitzkrieg—“lightning war”—a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces
6. Charles de Gaulle—a French general who went to London to set up a government-in-exile committed to reconquering France
7. Winston Churchill—British prime minister that pledged that Great Britain would never give in to the Nazis
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Douglas MacArthur—commander of the Allied land forces in the Pacific that believed that storming every Pacific island would be a costly effort, so he came up with island-hopping through Japanese strong points
21. Battle of Guadalcanal—a 194201943 battle of World War II, in which German forces were defeated in their attempt to capture the city of Stalingrad in the Soviet Union
22. Bernard Montgomery—a general from London sent to take control of British forces in North Africa
23. Dwight D. Eisenhower—American general who led Operation Torch, which was when an Allied force landed in Morocco and Algeria to destroy Desert Fox’s Afrika Corps
24. D-Day—June 6, 1944—the day on which the Allies began their invasion of the European mainland during World War II
25. Isolationism—a policy of avoiding political or military involvement with other countries
26. Munich Conference—a 1938 meeting of representatives from Britain, France, Italy, and Germany, at which Britain and France agreed to allow Nazi Germany to annex part of Czechoslovakia in return for Adolf Hitler’s pledge to respect Czechoslovakia’s new borders
27. Battle of the Bulge—a 1944-1945 battle in which Allied forces turned back the last major German offensive of World War