Anp1105
Anatomy Finals' Notes
Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics
Arteries, Capillaries and Veins arteries --> arterioles --> capillaries --> venules --> veins Arteries = away from heart Veins = toward heart Only capillaries directly serve cells Tunica Intima = inside of blood vessel. Single layer of cells similar to the lining of the heart Tunica Media = middle layer. Smooth muscle...regulates diameter of vessels Tunica Adventitia (externa) = outer layer. Collagen for sturdy, membranous coating...protection
3 Types of Arterial Vessels Elastic Conducting Arteries. Thick-walled. Large-diameter near the heart. Highest proportion of elastin. Smooth out pressure fluctuations; recoil helps to maintain pressure and flow of blood Muscular Distributing Arteries. Deliver blood to specific organs. More smooth muscle than elastin. The consequences = if standing still, blood will pool in lower limbs...loss of blood flow to brain Arterioles. Do not need as much as elastic tissue as the others. Tunica media is primarily smooth muscle...determine which capillary beds flushed minute to minute Vasa vorum = provides blood to immediate tissue Valves in veins to prevent back flow in lower limbs
Microcirculation and 3 types of Capillaries Walls are only a thin tunica intima function = exchange Continuous Capillaries = skin and muscle; uninterrupted lining intercellular clefts allow limited passage of fluids, small solutes Fenestrated Capillaries = similar but the endothelial cells are riddled with pores (fenestrations)...increased permeability to fluids. Found in small intestine and endocrine organs and kidney Sinusoidal Capillaries = highly modified, leaky capillaries (liver, bone marrow, lymphoid tissues, endocrine organs). Large, irregular lumens and usually fenestrated; fewer tight junctions and large intercellular clefts for passage of proteins and RBCs Microcirculation = flow of blood from an
Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics
Arteries, Capillaries and Veins arteries --> arterioles --> capillaries --> venules --> veins Arteries = away from heart Veins = toward heart Only capillaries directly serve cells Tunica Intima = inside of blood vessel. Single layer of cells similar to the lining of the heart Tunica Media = middle layer. Smooth muscle...regulates diameter of vessels Tunica Adventitia (externa) = outer layer. Collagen for sturdy, membranous coating...protection
3 Types of Arterial Vessels Elastic Conducting Arteries. Thick-walled. Large-diameter near the heart. Highest proportion of elastin. Smooth out pressure fluctuations; recoil helps to maintain pressure and flow of blood Muscular Distributing Arteries. Deliver blood to specific organs. More smooth muscle than elastin. The consequences = if standing still, blood will pool in lower limbs...loss of blood flow to brain Arterioles. Do not need as much as elastic tissue as the others. Tunica media is primarily smooth muscle...determine which capillary beds flushed minute to minute Vasa vorum = provides blood to immediate tissue Valves in veins to prevent back flow in lower limbs
Microcirculation and 3 types of Capillaries Walls are only a thin tunica intima function = exchange Continuous Capillaries = skin and muscle; uninterrupted lining intercellular clefts allow limited passage of fluids, small solutes Fenestrated Capillaries = similar but the endothelial cells are riddled with pores (fenestrations)...increased permeability to fluids. Found in small intestine and endocrine organs and kidney Sinusoidal Capillaries = highly modified, leaky capillaries (liver, bone marrow, lymphoid tissues, endocrine organs). Large, irregular lumens and usually fenestrated; fewer tight junctions and large intercellular clefts for passage of proteins and RBCs Microcirculation = flow of blood from an