1. In table format, provide the Rf values you recorded for each of the 3 compounds in Part I. List compound on one axis of your table and solvent system on the other. If multiple spots were present for a compound, give Rf value for each component and state if the component was major or minor.…
About 1.55-g of benzil, 1.51-g of dibenzylketone and 12-mL of ethanol were placed in a 50-mL round bottom flask. A magnetic stir bar was also placed in the flask. A condenser was attached to the round bottom flask while the flask was placed in a 70oC hot water bath. The mixture was heated until all solids were dissolved. The temperature of the water bath was then heated to 80oC. A pasture pipet was used to add 2.25-mL of ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution downward through the condenser and into the flask.…
Please locate the SDS for the chemical 4-Butylbiphenyl by Sigma Aldrich. Provide the website link for this SDS and answer the following questions: (5 points: 1 point each for a-e)…
Marcescens was spread on an agar plate and then six different types of antimicrobial products were tested to see the effectiveness on the bacteria. The results were very different then the hypothesis. Purell and Germ-X had no effect on the S. Marcescens unlike hypothesized. These antibacterial had gels are sold in high amount all around the country. The experiments showed that if these products did kill 99.9% of bacteria, like they advertise, that the remaining 0.01% is a large amount. Bactine and Neosporin had very little effect on the bacteria. Another experiment that tested the effectiveness of Bactine and Neosporin on bacteria after reapplication of the products is suggested. The most highly effective antimicrobial product that was tested was hydrogen peroxide. There was a fairly large area around the hydrogen peroxide disk that did not contain any bacteria. Lysol with bleach was also effective on bacteria. There was an area around the Lysol with bleach disk that did not contain any…
Chloride. This can be calculated using Gravimetric Analysis and to indirectly determine the percent composition of a hydrate by taking advantage of its chemical properties.…
Because of the lack of sporicidal activity, alcohols are not recommended for sterilization but are widely used for both hard surface disinfection an skin antisepsis (McDonald 151). Generally, the antimicrobial activity of alcohols is significantly lower at concentrations below 50% and is optimal in the 60% to 90% range (McDonald 151). Contrastingly the antimicrobial action of iodine is rapid, even at low concentrations, but the exact mode of action is unknown. Iodine rapidly penetrates into microorganisms and attacks key groups or proteins, nucleotides and fatty acids, which culminates in cell death (McDonald 155). Meanwhile Hydrogen Peroxide demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy against viruses, bacteria,yeasts, and bacterial spores which is seen mainly in gram-positive than gram-negative bacteria such as S. marcescens (McDonald…
Controlled: Amount of each water sample used, concentration of silver nitrate, room temperature and pressure.…
In order to study the influence of reaction time, acetophenone with complex 2 (0.1 mol%) under standard conditions was monitored by GC-MS analysis taking 0.1 mL aliquots of the reaction mixture at intervals of 1 h. As can be observed in the conversion vs time plots, the formation of 1-phenylethanol was increased with the progress of the reaction, reached a maximum and then remained unchanged (Fig. 4). Reasonably good conversion (97.4%) for the formation of 1-phenylethanol was observed at the optimum reaction time of 5 h. There is no noticeable improvement was observed even after extending the reaction time. These result implies that the conversion of product strongly dependent of reaction time. With the promising results in hand, we next examine the catalytic efficiency of complex 2 for a wide range of aromatic, heterocyclic, cyclic and aliphatic ketones. To compare the results, all the reactions were carried out under identical conditions. The alcoholic products were analysed by GC-MS and 1H-NMR (entries 2, 15 and 16) after doing the required workup (Figs. S5-S20, see supplementary information). The complex catalysed TH of ketones to their corresponding alcohols with good to excellent conversions in all the cases. The existence of electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituent on the aromatic ring shows significant effect in the rate of the reaction (Table 6, entries…
Cyclobenzaprine is a tricyclic amine, central nervous system (CNS) depressant and centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant that targets the brain stem leading to relief of musculoskeletal pain and stiffness usually caused by muscle spasms[1][4]. Recent studies have shown positive effects on patients with Fibromyalgia, but treatment with cyclobenzaprine only masks some of the physical symptoms of the disease and is not recommended for long term use [2]. It is administered orally in pill form with a recommended dosage of 5 – 10 mg three times per 24 hour period. Dosage depends upon individual response, age, current medications, and medical history. Cyclobenzaprine is not intended for regular use extending further than 2 – 3 weeks…
In this experiment, we used methyl benzoate from the last experiment with HNO3 and H2SO4 to synthesize methyl 3-nitrobenzoate. First we added methyl benzoate to 12 mL cooled conc. Sulfuric acid in a flask. In a separate flask, we made a solution of 4 mL conc. Sulfuric acid and 4 mL nitric acid and then added dropwise to the solution of methyl benzoate in an ice bath on a stir plate while maintaining the temperature of reaction between 5-15 °C. After the addition was complete we took the flask out of the ice bath and placed it back on the stir plate for about 20 minutes to complete the reaction. Then we poured the mixture in the beaker filled with ice and white solid started to precipitate out. After all the ice melted we used suction filtration…
Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to determine the effectiveness of certain antibiotics and determine their zone of inhibition…
1960- Prospective payment systems (PPS)- Prospective payment systems are intended to motivate providers to deliver patient care effectively, efficiently and without over utilization of services…
Codeine: Codeine is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is rapidly distributed from the intravascular spaces to the various body tissues, with preferential uptake by parenchymatous organs such as the liver, spleen and kidney. Codeine crosses the blood-brain barrier, and is found in fetal tissue and breast milk. The plasma concentration does not correlate with brain concentration or relief of pain; however, codeine is not bound to plasma proteins and does not accumulate in body tissues.…
References: Dire, Daniel and Darling, Robert. (2011). Retrieved from CBRNE - Biological Warfare Agents found from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/829613-overview…
In 2013, a study on bacterial E. Coli was performed, by Jabus G. Tyerman, to observe how the bacteria reacted with different types of antibiotics. This study was performed over a 60-day period in order for the researchers to obtain some significant data. The…