Junot Díaz’s Drown: A Struggle for Cultural Identity Against an Unjust Society Junot Díaz’s Drown is a compelling and surprising set of short stories, each affecting the reader in a different way, but all making an impression. These stories follow a variety of characters, often depicting the experience of the immigrant experience in the United States. Many themes are present throughout this collection of stories, including a struggle for cultural identity, belonging, love, and loss. According to Lizabeth Paravisini-Gebert (2000), “Drown chronicles the human cost of an immigrant people’s displacement in an environment of cultural and racial discrimination and economic exploitation,” (p. 165). The characters seem to be stuck in a place between their native country of the Dominican Republic and their new home, the United States. Readers, throughout this novel, witness the difficulties faced as the immigrant characters must identify with the “dominant” culture in order to fit into their new home. Thus, the immigrant’s own cultural identities, including language and traditions, are often suppressed in hopes of fitting in to their new surroundings. In this paper, I will first focus on examples of the struggles for cultural identity in Díaz’s Drown. Finally, I will consider the use of this text from a teaching perspective. Close Reading Before beginning even the first chapter of Drown, the reader is greeted by an epigraph that speaks to the underlying theme of struggling with one’s cultural identity. Cuban writer Gustavo Pérez Firmat states, “The fact that I am writing to you in English already falsifies what I wanted to tell you. My subject: how to explain to you that I don’t belong to English though I belong nowhere else.” Paravisini-Gebert (2000) describes the statement as being a poignant…
Richard Rodriguez is an American journalist and essayist who often writes about his life and the obstacles he has faced during so. He has become widely known due to his popular book, The Hunger of Memory. In the excerpt that’s presented, Rodriguez talks about how his life has changed tremendously due to education, and he goes on to describe how he feels “assimilated.” Rodriguez comes from Mexican Origins and is the son of Mexican Immigrants and throughout the excerpt he has an internal fight due to the fact that he feels as if he is now a stranger to his once familiar culture. However, the one thing that has taken Rodriguez as far as he has come is his education.…
The myth is that the conquistadors conquered the America’s relatively quickly in a sovereign effort but Restall explains that the Spaniards had a lot of help from the Natives and African’s and the “completion” of conquest was anything but; as mass portions of the land remained unscathed by the conquest. Restall effortlessly explains how the conquistador myths of superior communication between the Spaniards and Natives were just as fabricated as the modern misconception of inferior communication by historians. The communication between the two, or lack thereof, fell somewhere between both myths. Restall uses his concise writing style to explain the resilience of the Natives, debunking the myth of Native desolation and how the myth of superiority derives from Eurocentric beliefs of racial dominance which lead to racist ideologies that “underpinned colonial expansion from the late fifteenth to early twentieth centuries.”…
America’s history has been shaped by her people – ALL of her people. Until recently, the history books have managed to present a very one–sided view which conveys the impression that the deeds and actions which formed this great country were almost exclusively carried out by America’s white population. History books have made it believable because they have sprinkled in small doses of other nationalities and races. The worst part is that the vast majority of the people of the United States of America have bought it hook, line and sinker. The majority will continue to believe that history until the day they die because that is…
trials of the migrants he achieved an effect that won him the Nobel Prize for…
Viramontes directly attacks the systemic and symbolic violence focused on hispanic immigrants. Her story draws deeply upon subtle imagery and hints at racist undertones in even the smallest things. While very little subjective violence actually occurs, the everyday encounters and daily life are imbued with the hate and violence Zizek warns of. Viramontes plays aptly upon the inherent violence imbued in the language system, showing the automatic stereotyping that takes place between speakers. She toys with systemic and symbolic violence and how they act together to inflame hatred and violence. In effect Viramontes study and draws out the undercurrents of violence rife in the United States by focusing on the lowest class of people. Drawing from personal experience she is able to recreate the awful experiences and exploitations common place in these communities. All in an attempt to broaden the definition and expression of these two forms of violence, the “violence that sustains our very efforts to fight violence”…
When reading some of the vast list of stories and poems dubbed American literature, it seems as though every genre and style of writing is represented, from science fiction to romance, adventure to tragedy. What sets these books apart from those written in other countries? When considering the degree of “Americanness” of a piece of writing is, one must consider how well it describes the intended era and how well it portrays American values such as freedom and equality.…
Rodriguez’s use of first person narration goes hand in hand with his establishment of ethos within his essay. Ethos is considered the moral element of literature and the credibility of the speaker. The use of ethos often determines whether or not the audience of a piece will trust the thoughts and actions of the speaker. By using pronouns such as “I” and “we,” in reference to both himself and his family, it allows the audience to gain first-hand accounts of a young Hispanic boy in a new American society. Rather than reading statistics of the number of children whose first language is not English and their success in the American education system, or…
In the book, El Otro Lado by Julia Alvarez, describes the author’s experience of leaving the dominican republic and moving to the united states. This is more than just her moving though, it’s about her transition through things like her culture, her behavior, her personality and her childhood into a world of emotions filled with insecurity, love, hurt. Alvarez’s use of Spanish that is mixed into the English she writes her poems also describe stories of her life along with the struggle of emigrating to a new country and what it’s like living in a country that isn’t 1st world or most advanced, revealing feelings from situations that most immigrants face coming to the United States. Alvarez also reveals her own personal…
Laura, a Mexican immigrant and student in Rose’s remedial English class, has a completely different frame of reference than California born UCLA students she finds herself in class with. She remembers in detail how her father made a meager living as a “food vendor” in Tijuana. The types of food, the smells and the other items he sold are cannot be forgotten by Laura. She emigrated, with her parents, to the United States at the age of six (Rose 1). These memories keep her connected to Mexico.…
My immediate response to Las Casas’ account was one of sorrow, dread, and horror. I cannot even express in words the emotions that ran through my mind and soul as I read this terrifying report exposing the truth of our country’s beginnings. My voice cracked as I read aloud Las Casas’ words, and I felt myself holding back tears as a roar against injustice raged within me. I wish I could believe Las Casas was a liar, but his brutal honesty wipes away every possible doubt.…
To understand culture and race in America, one must look back at its foundation. America’s history is one full of racial degradation and horrific abuse justified through racism. From mass genocide of the native people of this land to abducting Africans and forcing them to be the backbone of the American economy as…
“Our America” by Jose Marti expresses the Creole sentiment against tyranny; it tells that Latin America is a mixture of different ethnicities and races. They are a good race that respects and admires the superior intelligence, but this superior intelligence takes advantage of the admiration by damaging and ignoring their pure ideals, and their pride of belonging to a beautiful continent. Jose Marti puts an emphasis that Latin America has to wake up and fight for their liberation from oppression.…
Thousands of immigrants were forced to leave their countries of origin in the mid-1800s for different reasons: political, war, religious persecution, unemployment, and food shortages. When they learn that in America exists the hope of a new beginning they did not hesitate to take this opportunity. In an unprecedented wave, immigrants left their countries and embarked with a suitcase full of dreams without having the slightest suspicion of the battles that were to bear them because of discrimination. Moreover, the journey to America was very risky in which many of them died during the trip (North Site, 2015).…
For, when empowered with empathy, even when “thrown against a sharp white background,” there is a sense of solidarity within all of humanity, where color and the white are synthesized together in an integrated form that truly reflects the “post-racial” America…