Altruism 1
Altruism has been and is an essential piece for modern philosophers in explaining morality. Although they may not all agree on one definition or range of meaning, they all agree on the importance altruism exhibits. Altruism is defined as the principle or practice of unselfish concern for or devotion to the welfare of others. To philosophers, altruism can be seen as a noble selfless act with no regard for self-interest. Egoism, as opposed to altruism, is also just as important to modern moral philosophy. Egoism is defined as the habit of valuing everything only in reference to one’s personal interest; selfishness. To philosophers, egoism is the view that morality ultimately rests on self-interest. The relationship between altruism and egoism has brought many problems and questions to morality. The scope of each definition also differs with each philosopher. Two philosophers who have defined the problems of altruism are Immanual Kant and David Hume. Kant and Hume have conflicting ways of illustrating altruism and morality which will lead readers to the question if it is possible for us to act altruistically and if we can act altruistically, how we would act in such a manner. There are two ways to understand altruism. Through David Hume’s work, An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals, we see that he characterizes altruism through our sentiments and affections. Hume believes that all humans share a common moral sentiment. Hume believes that sympathy is a big influence in our moral sentiments. Sympathy is our capacity to be affected by the feelings of others; whether it is the feeling of happiness when another person succeeds or the feeling of distress when another person is suffering. Sympathy plays a big role in society and our morals. Sympathy is a feature for any human being. Hume explains the role of sympathy through benevolence;
“Upon the whole, then, it seems undeniable, that nothing can bestow more merit on any human creature than the sentiment of
“Upon the whole, then, it seems undeniable, that nothing can bestow more merit on any human creature than the sentiment of