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African Americans in Civil War

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African Americans in Civil War
54th Massachusetts Regiment * One of the first black units in the war * Active from March 13, 1863-August 4, 1865 * Authorized by MA governor John A. Andrew Commanders: * Col. Robert G. Shaw * Col. Edward N. Hallowell * Colonel Robert Gould Shaw
Colonel Robert Gould Shaw
It was 1,100 African American troops Took part in 5 battles: * Battle of Grimball’s Landing * Second Battle of Fort Wagner * Battle of Olustee * Battle of Honey Hill * Colonel Edward Needles Hallowell
Colonel Edward Needles Hallowell
The 54th Massachusetts Regiment charging Fort Wagner.
The 54th Massachusetts Regiment charging Fort Wagner.
Battle of Boykin’s Mill

Frederick Douglass * Born in February 1818 (no day is known) * Born as Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey * Born in New Bedford, Massachusetts * Died February 20, 1895 (about 77) * He was an abolitionist, author, editor, and diplomat
Two spouses: * Anna Murray-Douglass (1838-1882) * Helen Pitts (1884-1895)
Parents:
* Harriet Bailey and probably Aaron Anthony * Traveled to Britain and Ireland often * Also spoke about many other causes like women’s rights * “I would unite anybody to do right and nobody to do wrong.”

Role of African Americans * 180,000 blacks served in 163 units for Union * Many also served in the Navy * Some blacks fought for the Confederates, they thought they had to be loyal * Robert E. Lee also tried to muster black soldiers, he only got 40-50 * The organization for colored troops was the United States Colored Troops (USCT) * The first AA unit was the 1st Kansas Colored Volunteers * After European nations heard about the bondage, they supported the Union * The blacks fought for the 13th amendment, which abolished all
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