A Literature Review by Dominique Kiefer
13 February 2014
Jandreau
Abstract
Schizophrenia is described as a long-term disease/disorder of the human mind that causes a separation between emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. This division of thought in turn, causes confusion and a faulty perception of reality. Symptoms of the disorder include: disordered thinking, auditory/ visual hallucinations, and illogical thinking. Before an individual begins to show that they have schizophrenia, brain scans show that before the first episode occurs, the brain begins to show a significant loss in brain tissue. The second episode is when the brain loses the most tissue, but afterward, …show more content…
These periods in time can give scientists an idea of when to begin treatments before the most tissue is lost in the second episode. Treatments include the use of anti-psychotic drugs, in which affectively subdue the symptoms and irrational outbreaks in an individual, but it jeopardizes the physical health of the patient’s body. Surely, modern researchers have a further trek left into understanding the complexity of schizophrenia.
I. Introduction Schizophrenia is foremost described as a neurological brain disease. a professional would diagnose this disease or disorder as “a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation”[1]. The word schizophrenia is derived from the Greek word “skhizein” meaning “to split”, and the word “phrēn” meaning “mind”. Together, the disorder is described as a sort of split in the mind. “Putting these two terms together to arrive at schizophrenia was intended to describe the breakdown between thoughts, feelings, and actions that is characteristic of the disorder. The idea of …show more content…
Researchers and patients alike are now learning that this discrepancy is not one that has just one singular solution, but is quite complex and scientists have much yet to learn about each variable that comes into play with this disease. “The disease most likely comprises a variety of related mental disorders, with an underlying biology and symptoms that can differ from person to person” [7], states reporter Benedict Carey whom is researching the evolution of medicine and treatment for the schizophrenic. This appears to have a way of making sense to an individual, considering that a lot of the time schizophrenia is often paired with other diseases and disorders. The fact that the disease is contributed by rarities in an individual’s genetic code, it hadn’t come as a surprise to researchers that genes were a part in the risk of disease. What had baffled them, was solely that the disease comes along with paired genes of rarer disease along with it. This discovery was almost frightening to researchers due to the fact that most schizophrenic patients will more than likey end up with also another disease to come with the disorder. It becomes disheartening because any number of patients will end up with not only one, but two disorders/diseases that are so little known, and are so difficultly