Preview

'Manufacture of Hairspray and Dimethyl Ethle Production

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
3446 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
'Manufacture of Hairspray and Dimethyl Ethle Production
Executive Summary.
Aerosol hairspray cans are a cosmetic product used by 86% of women in the United States.(3) The consumer demand for hair products has stayed relatively steady since the invention of hairspray. Industrial suppliers can increase their net profit of aerosol hairspray production by analyzing and possibly optimizing their manufacturing process, mores specifically, the production of the most widely used aerosol propellant, dimethyl ether (DME). The optimization of a thermally coupled DME reactor (OTCDR) proves to be economical, energy sufficient, and increase the net profit of the industrial plant. It is in the best interest of industrial aerosol hairspray manufacturers to consider multiple alternative production processes and, or optimization of current processes.

Introduction.
Aerosol cans were first patented in the United States in 1941. This innovation did not have much impact on the world until World War ΙΙ. The U.S. military introduced the aerosol cans for dispensing insecticide. The potential uses of aerosol cans were quickly recognized. The first commercial hairsprays marketed in the late 1940s. Hairsprays belong to a class of personal care products that help hair hold a desired style. Hairsprays are formulated as aerosols that are powdered pressurized gasses. The design of hairspray efficiency, consumer appeal

Aerosol cans serve as convenient packages for paints, medications, insecticides, adhesives, food, and cosmetics. The structure of an aerosol is shown below in Figure 1. Most aerosol cans are made of aluminum and are mono-bloc in construction. The bottom of the can has a curved bottom to resist the pressure of the gas and for greater ease of full product use.

Figure 1. On the left is the inside of a compressed aerosol can. On the right is a close up view of the valve.

The contents of aerosol are made up of two components, the product and the propellant. The propellant can exist as a liquefied gas or as a



References: (3) Riddick, J.A., et al. 1985. Techniques of Chemistry, 4th Edition, Volume ΙΙ, Organic Solvents. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. pp.1325. (4) R. Vakili, et al. 2011. Utilizing differential evolution (DE) technique to optimize operating conditions of an integrated thermally coupled direct DME synthesis reactor. (5) Zhigang Lei, et al (8) Sajo P. Naik, et al. Synthesis of DME from CO2/H2 gas mixture, Chemical Engineering Journal. Western Research Institute, University of Utah. Accessed October 7, 2011. Feb. 17, 1976 United States Patent Apr. 14, 1961 United States Patent Office

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    3 An Introduction to Chemical Systems in the Laboratory, Hayden-McNeil, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 2012, Pg. 11…

    • 1807 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Chemistry of Hairspray

    • 1130 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Hairspray is a solution of long, chainlike molecules (called polymers) in a very volatile solvent. Spraying deposits a stiff layer of the polymer on your hair after the solvent evaporates.…

    • 1130 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In one version, the inner chamber holds the food or drink, and the outer chamber houses chemicals that undergo an exothermic reaction when combined. When the user wants to heat the contents of the can, a ring on the can is pulled to break the barrier separating the chemicals in the outer chamber. In another type, the chemicals are in the inner chamber and the beverage surrounds it in the outer chamber. To heat the contents of the can, the user pushes on the bottom of the can to break the barrier separating the water from the chemicals. This design has the advantages of being more efficient (less heat is lost to the surrounding air) as well as reducing excessive heating of the product's exterior, causing possible discomfort to the user. In either case, after the heat from the reaction has been absorbed by the food, the user can enjoy a hot meal or drink.…

    • 961 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Nt1310 Unit 4

    • 1039 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Gases, glues and aerosols (lighter gas, aerosols containing products such as hairspray, deodorants and air fresheners, tins or tubes of glue, some paints, thinners and correcting fluids):…

    • 1039 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Formaldehyde Lab Report

    • 365 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The ratio of methanol and air maintained about 35-45%. This mixture heated to the reaction temperature 550-600 oC by preheaters before entering into the silver catalyst reactor. Then we convert methanol to formaldehyde by using a catalytic reactor which is fixed bed type filled with silver catalyst. The fraction of conversion depends on the catalyst type and the temperature of the reactor at fixed operating pressure. Advance reactor controls both reactions, exothermic combustion reaction and endothermic dehydration reaction simultaneously in single…

    • 365 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Water and Good Size Cloud

    • 1016 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The cloud appear when I released it because, you need three things, water molecules, cloud condensation nuclei - dust or air pollution, temperature or pressure changes…

    • 1016 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Theoretical yield: Limiting reagent (LR) x M.W. (LR) x Mole to Mole ratio x M.W. (product) = Theoretical yield of product.…

    • 396 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The purpose of this lab was for students to familiarize and perfect the simple distillation method to produce 4-Methylcyclohexene and to gain experience using an IR spectroscopy to characterize the product of the reaction in favor of equilibrium.…

    • 331 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Making Ethyl Ethanoate

    • 409 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The atom economy of this experiment is 70.68%, which is a good atom economy however the experiment I conducted using a carboxylic acid and alcohol produced an atom economy of 83%. That means this experiment is less efficient than the one I carried out so it would not be beneficial for the company to use this method (alternative 2) to produce the ethyl ethanoate as there is a more efficient method to produce it.…

    • 409 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    References: (3) McMurry, J. Organic Chemistry, 5th ed., Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.: CA, 2000, p. 564-566.…

    • 3241 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    References: “Techniques in Organic Chemistry”, J. R. Mohrig, C. N. Hammond, P. F. Schatz, W.…

    • 721 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    17. The storage of heat in the lower layer of the atmosphere produced by certain heat absorbing gases is called the…

    • 1422 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The introduction of 5 ½ ounce or 10 ounce aerosol container and approval of its additional funds for the market test.…

    • 355 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Aluminum Cans Lab

    • 160 Words
    • 1 Page

    In this lab, we brought emptied out aluminum cans.We filled these cans with a small amount of water. We began to boil the water to convert liquid to gas and exert gas particles. After the can was placed on the heating plate, we got a container of cold water. Soon later, the water inside the can was creating steam that was becoming more and more visible. Once we believed the water was hot enough, we got tongs to pick the can up. By picking up the can, the gas particles began to receive more space to move around away from each other, as the hot water was moving around. We held the can above the container of cold water, which had particles moving around each other. Once the can was placed in the water, the can was crushed. The can was crushed…

    • 160 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    gizmo

    • 574 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Air is a mixture of many gases including: Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Water Vapor and trace other gases.…

    • 574 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics